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Literature survey on the environmental contamination of liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) and a pilot study on their occurrence in sewage sludge from Sweden
Executive, Universitet, Linköpings universitet, LiU. Executive, Universitet, Örebro universitet, Örebro universitet, forskningscentrum människa teknik miljö, MTM.
Executive, Universitet, Örebro universitet, Örebro universitet, forskningscentrum människa teknik miljö, MTM.
Responsible organisation
2023 (English)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are currently the predominant display technology in the market and utilized in various devices from small calculators to large flat-screen TVs. Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are essential components of LCDs and have been produced at a large scale since the 1980s. Concerns have arisen about the potential environmental release of LCMs, with recent studies detecting their presence in indoor dust, sediments, soils and even in humans. The large number of LCMs and their structural diversity poses challenges in chemical analysis. Furthermore, there are discrepancies in acronyms between different studies, which emphasize the need for a standardized nomenclature for reporting LCMs. Experimental data on physical-chemical properties, atmospheric lifetimes, and bioaccumulation potential highlight the potential persistent organic pollutant characteristics of many LCMs. LCMs can be released to the environment during manufacturing, product use, and recycling processes. Environmental monitoring of LCMs is in its early stages, with limited data available. Studies have reported LCM presence in indoor dust, outdoor environments, soil, sediment and biota, primarily from China. Human exposure has been suggested through occupational settings and there have been positive correlations between LCM levels in indoor dust and human breast milk. However, more studies are needed from other countries to assess whether LCMs have widespread global contamination. Within this current report, a pilot study was conducted with the aim to investigate occurrence of selected LCMs in sewage sludge. However, challenges during analytical method development with the sample extraction and pretreatment steps led to low recoveries of native LCMs, indicating the need for further method optimization. A clear conclusion can therefore not be made whether LCMs are present or not in Swedish sludge.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023. , p. 28
Keywords [en]
Giftfri miljö, Miljögiftssamordning
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Miljöföroreningar
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:naturvardsverket:diva-10890OAI: oai:DiVA.org:naturvardsverket-10890DiVA, id: diva2:1825960
Available from: 2024-01-10 Created: 2024-01-10 Last updated: 2024-01-10

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Linköpings universitet, LiUÖrebro universitet, forskningscentrum människa teknik miljö, MTM
Environmental Sciences

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