Many chemicals used in froth flotation by the mining industry are known to be toxic to ecosystems. Yet much is still unknown about their mobility and persistence when being released to the natural environment. In colder climates, the low temperatures can furthermore decrease or inhibit degradation of the chemicals, potentially increasing environmental impacts accordingly. This report reviews the current knowledge about four common flotation chemicals used in Sweden; Flomin (xanthates), Atrac, Danafloat, and MagnaFloc. Ether diamines and phosphoric acid esters were also included due to their future potential relevance. The literature review found substantial information regarding xanthates and their toxicity, however few studies report actual monitoring in ground/streamwater systems downstream of mines. Much less information was available for the remaining chemicals, especially phosphoric acid esters with no ecotoxicological data available. Further, general knowledge gaps related to flotation chemicals include: few long-term studies are conducted compared to short-term toxicity, several chemicals show temperature dependence during degradation, and lack of discharge data adjacent to spillway positions for released process water prevents thorough assessment of dilution effects. Recommendations for further work is to initiate screening for xanthates and Danafloat, however for ether diamines and REE beneficiation more research is needed on their potential environmental impacts.